The effects of process parameters on melt-pool oscillatory behaviour in gas tungsten arc welding

Internal flow behaviour and melt-pool surface oscillations during arc welding are complex not yet fully understood. In the present work, high-fidelity numerical simulations employed to describe effects of position, sulphur concentration (60-300 ppm) travel speed (1.25-5 mm/s) on molten metal dynamics in fully-penetrated melt-pools. A wavelet transform is implemented obtain time-resolved frequency spectra oscillation signals, which overcomes shortcomings Fourier rendering time resolution spectra. Comparing results calculations with available analytical experimental datasets, robustness proposed approach predicting demonstrated. The reveal that changes morphology pool resulting from a change position alter spatial distribution forces power-density applied material, turn affect patterns pool. Under similar conditions, changing affects Marangoni pattern, increasing decreases size increases offset between top bottom surfaces, affecting structures (vortex formation) surface. Variations internal pattern evolution shape its oscillations.